Recently, the network coding theory was introduced, and was the basis for many bandwidth efficient applications in wireline and wireless networks. However, the current understanding of optimal integration between network coding and existing transmission techniques is still in its infancy. This research investigates theory and practical algorithms for combinining network coding with existing source/channel coding, and network protocols to deliver data effectively over wireline and wireless networks. In particular, we take a case study approach in which, the representative research projects in wireline and wireless networks will be investigated for the potential benefits of network coding. In the first project, we are developing the packet scheduling algorithms that employ optimal integration of network coding, source and channel coding techniques to efficiently deliver several streams of different QoS from a wireless Access Point (AP) to multiple receivers. In the second project, we are investigating network coding based theories and protocols for distributed storage and streaming of multimedia data in P2P networks.